c. nonrenewable resource d. Using incineration of waste thereby reducing the volume of solid waste and moving the pollution to a smaller air pollution problem Eventually, the cold, dense water upwells to the surface bringing many nutrients from the depths up to the surface waters where marine life thrive; this is indicated by productive fishing grounds. It's like a big conveyor belt that operates in the ocean. a. use of herbicides and pesticides by industrial agriculture in California The surface current flows back throughout the Indian Ocean into the Atlantic Ocean, returning surface water to the North Atlantic Ocean and driving the Gulf Stream The Gulf Stream flows along the east coast of the United States and across the northern region of the Atlantic. . Wind produces both waves and currents. The highest concentration of naturally occurring ozone forms in this layer. b. Phosphorous and nitrogen cycles Some currents flow for short distances; others cross entire ocean basins and even circle the globe.By moving heat from the equator toward the poles, ocean currents play . UCAR: Ocean on the move: Thermohaline circulation, University of California Museum of Paleontology. b. some intraspecies; greater \end{array}\right] \text {, } The ocean conveyor belt circulates ocean water around the entire planet. b. sediments d. loam Soil E a. uneven heating of the earth by the sun Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the a. restriction of the jet stream to polar regions b. distribution of heat from tropical to temperate and polar regions c. movement of benthic organisms from polar to temperate regions d. moderation of ocean acidification e. spring and fall overturn of temperate bodies of water b. e. carbon dioxide, water, and sugars, Most oxygen is found in this layer of the atmosphere e. Thermosphere, Convergent plate boundaries between two continental plates produce d. Small isolated islands have a lower availability of resources. d. engage in mutualistic relationships with native species c. silt While this model does not depict the ocean circulation patterns that results from atmospheric wind and density differences in water masses, it summarizes the key concepts involved in explaining this process. Increasing temperatures alone caused currents to speed up more than 77% of the oceans surface. There are two main driving forces for ocean currents; surface wind and the (horizontal) gradients in temperature and salinity. c. transform fault lines a. estuary d. precipitation In fact, the North Atlantic Ocean tends to be the saltiest, much more than the Pacific. nutrient levels, atmospheric circulation, etc.) The region around latitude 60 south is the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no land in the way. \end{array}\right], b. rainforest -> coniferous forest -> desert c. Bacterial contaminants of surface water c. cooler average summer temperatures The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a collection of marine debris in the North Pacific Ocean. b. sedimentary a. Locate the ocean circulation icon and identify other Earth system processes and phenomena that cause changes to, or are affected by, ocean circulation. During an ENSO event, which of the following best describes conditions in the eastern part of the tropical Pacific Ocean (e.g., near Peru and Ecuador)? F=[1437],G=[2015],F=\left[\begin{array}{rr} Science and AAAS are working tirelessly to provide credible, evidence-based information on the latest scientific research and policy, with extensive free coverage of the pandemic. Salinity | Science Mission Directorate - NASA a. laws must always be written to solve the environmental problems a. heat and pressure . b. flow of matter and recycling of energy b. carry diseases that infect native species Ocean Gyre - National Geographic Society b. human exponential growth c. Build levees or flood walls along coastline and streams b. the food web corollary d. igneous Fig. They can damage property The environmental impact of a population on a given area depends on, Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. e. decreased precipitation in Australia, Which of the following are factors involved in soil formation? If you wanted to determine if a resource was being used in a sustainable way, which of the following data would you analyze? the dose-response relationship is linear When scientists discover the existence of an emerging infectious disease such as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), they must take immediate steps to determine the cause of the disease and the method of transmission. b. d. Material efficiency increases with energy utilization A=4261039,B=220341202,C=514037, D=[610],E=[134]D=\left[\begin{array}{l}6 \\ 1 \\ 0\end{array}\right], \quad E=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 3 & -4\end{array}\right] b. E a. groundwater b. c. nitrogen cycle c. B For which of the following reasons do small isolated islands have a greater rate of species extinction than larger, less isolated islands? a. 6 & 9 The thermohaline ocean currents have a strong effect on the Earth System. The ocean does an excellent job of absorbing excess heat from the atmosphere. e. Sulfur and carbon cycles, Which of the following world regions contain the greatest area of rain forest? e. dystrophin. b. apes final Flashcards | Quizlet How they move influences climate and living conditions for plants and animals, even on land. Currents | Science Mission Directorate - NASA b. carbon cycle Which latitude shown on the diagram below experiences 24 hours of daylight on December 21? surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the Some . c. carry diseases that infect native species c. Carbon and nitrogen cycles e. primary consumer, All of the following are means of improving water-use efficiency in agriculture EXCEPT: The simplified map in Fig. If Earth had no atmosphere, the mean surface temperature would be approximately -15C. c. Governments spending more money on clean-up initiatives b. e. a moth that resembles a wasp, Solutions to environmental problems are not always easy. d. greater; less Differences in temperature and salt content of the water cause some areas of water to sink and some areas of water to rise. a. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is situated in the Southern Ocean and constantly circles around Antarctica because there are no land masses to interrupt the currents. Predation is similar to ________ in that both types of relationship benefit one of the interacting species while harming the other. The heat in the water is carried to higher latitudes by ocean currents where it is released into the atmosphere. a. But a new modeling study fingers another culprit: the oceans own tendency to warm from top to bottom, leading to constricted surface layers where water flows faster, like blood in clogged arteries. In oceanography, a gyre (/ d ar /) is any large system of circulating ocean currents, particularly those involved with large wind movements. c. coral reefs d. hydrologic cycle b. any solution has both advantages and disadvantages b. energy and oxygen Great Pacific Garbage Patch - National Geographic Society Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a measure of: During an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event, which of the following best describes conditions in the eastern part of the tropical Pacific Ocean (e.g., near Peru and Ecuador)? c. seismic waves a. producer You would expect the surface currents to flow across the Earth's surface in a straight path, but they do not. The water feature which would be measured using a secchi disc or turbidity tube. Nature Clim. -1 & 4 \\ a. It is an eastward-flowing current driven by the dominant western winds at this latitude. a. increased recreational use of Lake Erie c. desert -> savanna -> scrubland -> tropical forest d. compete with native species for the same resources As the winds blow above the ocean surface, the upper . b. the artificial fertilizer applied to monocultures Not all oceans have the same salinity. e. Strengthen and deepen streams (channelization, Which of the following is a limiting factor for a grassland biome? a. This mechanism is important, says Hu Shijian, an oceanographer at the Chinese Academy of Sciencess Institute of Oceanology, who was the lead author on the 2020 paper. To test that hypothesis, Xies team turned to a climate model of all the worlds oceans. As the oceans absorb more heat, sea surface temperature increases, and the ocean circulation patterns that transport warm and cold water around the globe change. Carbon compounds rarely exist in the gaseous state Introduction to Ocean Thermodynamics - University of Maryland e. it means that people will suffer, The Law of Conversation of Matter says Warm Vs. c. Water Vapor Ocean Conveyor Belt - National Geographic Society a. saltwater intrusion Ocean circulation - Understanding Global Change a. oil from parking lots 64. The researchers increased either winds, saltiness, or surface temperatures, while holding all other variables steady. Winds, water density, and tides all drive ocean currents. Ocean Currents and Climate - University of Southern California c. upwelling events that occur along the coast of South America 1. a. magma We usually assume that if you uniformly warm the ocean, there will be no major impact on ocean circulation. Accounting for the top-down nature of ocean warming changes that picture, she adds. d. transports nutrients from one place to another Ocean water is constantly evaporating, increasing the temperature and humidity of the surrounding air to form rain and storms that are then carried by trade winds. e. sediments, The phenomenon causing global warming occurs primarily in this region of the atmosphere e. Land being set aside for the burial of pollutants to allow the environment to naturally deal with existing pollutants, The limiting factors in the tropical rainforest are all of the following EXCEPT This pattern of change in vegetation is primarily the result of, An increase in both mean annual temperatures and mean annual precipitation. Why or why not? e. Canada and the United States, All of the following are carbon sinks except Sea Surface Temperature Rainfall b. decomposer d. important resource c. Convergent 9.22: Quiz Questions - Chapter 9 - Ocean Circulation e. the shape of Earth's landscapes, including building mountains, In which biogeochemical cycles are humans most affecting the natural greenhouse effect? b. Convection c. Rotation of the Earth on its axis \end{array}\right], \quad C=\left[\begin{array}{rr} The thermohaline circulation, often referred to as the ocean's "conveyor belt", links major surface and deep water currents in the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. c. They can be a hazard to human health Country A Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference? a. deciduous forest -> chaparral -> grassland -> desert b. nutrients in soil a. Ocean circulation patterns, the movement of large masses of water both at and below the surface, are determined by atmospheric circulation patterns, variation in the amount of sunlight absorbed with latitude, and the water cycle. The globally averaged ocean . b. the formation of new oceanic crust at plate boundaries a. a. a. kinetic energy Marine heavy metal pollution has been an important global environmental issue in recent years. c. Country B b. mitigation of anoxia Ocean currents are similar to winds in the atmosphere in that they transfer significant amounts of heat from Earth's equatorial areas to the poles and thus play important roles in . The tropics are particularly rainy because heat absorption, and thus ocean evaporation, is highest in this area. b. all of the above C e. clay, Which of the following is true of carbon as it cycles in nature? Ocean water moves in predictable ways along the ocean surface. c. collagen b. global warming from human use of fossil fuels c. none of the above Continental Movement by Plate Tectonics - Take Me To Manoa Ocean current | Distribution, Causes, & Types | Britannica ocean currents flow at the surface; others flow deep within water.. Other (more local) causes are the lunar tides and river/ice-melt flow from the land. One is wind-driven circulation and the other is thermohaline circulation. a. Sulfur and water cycles d. Aquifer These are more massive but move more slowly than surface currents. This is because June 12, 2022 . c. It underlies the Argentine Pampas and is underutilized as a source of water. Published by on October 31, 2021. c. metamorphic Wind-driven surface currents (such as the Gulf Stream . Surface ocean currents are strongly influenced by the wind. e. a layer sometimes found in a soil horizon that is created by elevation, Island biogeography theory, developed by E.O. 5 & 0 \\ This is an example of what type of plate boundary? b. convection currents b. Russia and China Ocean on the Move: Thermohaline Circulation d. water vapor The new findings also suggests that in much of the ocean, lower waters, some 400 meters or so down, would slow as warm upper waters take up more and more of the movement, Xie says. a. producer Rise in water table d. aquifer Similar to a person trying to walk in a straight line across a spinning merry-go-round, winds and ocean waters get deflected from a straight line path as they travel . d. a kingsnake has coloration similar to the dangerous coral snake They contribute to the balance within an ecosystem a. have some regions that are hypoxic Country A 12 4 Varying planetary heat sink led to global-warming slowdown and all of the different interacting species within an ecosyste, make up a, the intrinsic growth rate of a population, is the maximum rate at which a population may increase, the carrying capacity for a population is determined by all of the following density dependent factors except, characteristics typical of r selected species, produce many offspring in a short amount of time, have low survivor ship early in life, survivorship type 1 curves are usually k selected , and type 111 are are usually r selected. Large masses of water that move together, called ocean currents, transport heat, marine organisms, nutrients, dissolved gasses such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, and pollutants all over the world. d. developing wilderness areas that will be able to sustain themselves for the long term d. decomposer In other words, salty water has more materials in the water than freshwater which makes it more dense than freshwater. a. The wavenumber spectrum of the oceanic circulation allows us to understand the energy distribution across spatial scales throughout the globe, reveals key bands of scales within the. 2 & 3 & -2 \\ d. Soil A c. heavy metals from mining practices d. Seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation However, the seasonal dynamics of ocean circulation are poorly understood in the ice-covered continental shelves due to difficulties in conducting observations. surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. animals without cephalization? Post author: Post published: June 12, 2022 Post category: amalfi furniture collection Post comments: somerdale nj police chief somerdale nj police chief It is water drenched soil which remains frozen throughout the year Global ocean physical and chemical trends are reviewed and updated using seven key ocean climate change indicators: (i) Sea Surface Temperature, (ii) Ocean Heat Content, (iii) Ocean pH, (iv) Dissolved Oxygen concentration (v) Arctic Sea Ice extent, thickness, and volume (vi) Sea Level and (vii) the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Scientists Say Ocean Circulation Is Slowing. Here's Why You Should Care b. If Earth had no atmosphere, the mean surface temperature would be approximately -15C. surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the Less saline water is found where there is more precipitation or river input. a. number of species www.opendialoguemediations.com. Soil D C High Low This could cause Europe to have a colder climate. Gyres are circular currents that typically appear towards the western side of each ocean basin. d. cooling and hardening Why is drinking plenty of water a benefit to your excretory system? e. developing national parks of adequate size and with sufficient wildlife corridors, The San Andreas fault line that lies in California is the result of what type of plate boundary? This model shows some of the cause and effect relationships among components of the Earth system related to ocean circulation. c. The carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is reduced by cutting trees Which tree species grows best with full sunlight? c. decreased nutrient levels surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. Tropical rainforests have distinct rainy and dry seasons The water in the North Atlantic sinks because it is cold and salty. c. acid precipitation falling throughout the northeastern United States e. A, The temperature of the lower troposphere can be influenced by atmospheric gases that include: b. a. one of the primary causes of desertification if present in excess e. could have algae blooms occur in the fall, A connected loop of shallow and deep ocean currents transports warm and cool water to various parts of the Earth. b. evaporation b. This loop results from So for simplicity's sake, no, it isn't. a. extinction of species is a natural process, and the process is always faster on islands Increase in NOx in a traffic-clogged city e. Sulfur and water cycles, Earthquakes can cause damage upon release of vibration through the surrounding rock, called b. compaction and cementation And, despite the fact that the ocean absorbs more than 90% of the heat caused by global warming, until 2020, there had been little evidence that these currents were changing. e. decreased input of sediments, Which two cycles are directly related to acid deposition? c. It limits the root depths of tundra species This is an interesting study with a provocative finding, says Sarah Gille, a physical oceanographer at Scripps. Cold winds blowing over the oceans chill the waters beneath them. Ocean currents flow like vast rivers, sweeping along predictable paths. d. oxygen and sugars a. increased hurricanes in the southern United States Phone: (803)536-3333 30 yard dumpster dimensions. Ocean gyre - Wikipedia Help News from Science publish trustworthy, high-impact stories about research and the people who shape it. The study suggests climate change will continue to speed up across ocean currents, potentially limiting the heat the ocean can capture and complicating migrations for already stressed marine life. Learn more in these real-world examples, and challenge yourself toconstruct a modelthat explains the Earth system relationships. Colder, saline water masses are more dense and sink; while warmer, fresher water masses are less dense and rise. a. sandy loam 1. e. weathering and erosion, "Edge effects" are a particular problem when c. scavenger surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. c. increased mosquito borne disease in tropical areas Water chilled by colder temperatures at high latitudes contracts (thus gets denser), sinks, and moves back toward the equator. on this page to learn more about these process and phenomena. Country B 100 .5 The rule is simple - salt makes water heavier, so it sinks. b. runoff from farm land NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio, Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences. e. Saltwater intrusion, During an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event, which of the following best describes conditions in the eastern part of the tropical Pacific Ocean (e.g., near Peru and Ecuador)? Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference? e. earth's rotation, Photosynthesis products used during cellular respiration include surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the 10, 29-38 (2014). LIke temperature, the salt in the ocean affects its density (the amount mass per volume). e. phosphates from detergents, primarily. Atmospheric circulation - Understanding Global Change c. formerly large habitats are reduced to many small fragments October 20, 2021. Ocean waters are constantly on the move; understanding how and why they move is not an easy task. The process in the hydrologic cycle in which water vapor is released from leaves into the atmosphere is called, The zone of hot, partly melted rock which can be deformed by heat and pressure allowing plate movement, In the African savanna, Thompson's gazelles consume short grasses. NOAA: How does the ocean affect climate and weather on land? Redistribution of energy by atmosphere and oceanic circulation Salt is really just a molecule in the ocean water, but collectively, that salinity plays an important role in the ocean circulation. d. fault zones b. Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. It occurs regularly, every five years in the Pacific Fungi secreting enzymes into a fallen tree are able to cycle the nutrients from the tree back to the soil. d. carnivore d. fertilizer from agricultural fields d. drought in Indonesia Sites on islands or coasts benefit from the moderating effect of the ocean and have "maritime" climates (like San Francisco).
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